Phil Silvers was one of the great stars for the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) during the late 1950s. Already a minor star on the vaudeville stage and in motion pictures, Silvers created, with writer-producer Nat Hiken, a pioneering television situation comedy, You'II Never Get Rich. In this satirical look at life in the U.S. Army. Silvers played Sergeant Ernest Bilko, the con man with a heart of gold.

     You'II Never Get Rich premiered on CBS at the beginning of the 1955-56 TV season and soon became a hit. For three years. As CBS took command of the prime-time ratings race, You 'II Never Get Rich was a fixture in the 8:00 P.M. Tuesday time slot. Between 1955 and 1958, the show was highly rated, and its success spelled the end of Milton Berle's Tuesday night reign on rival the National Broadcasting Company (NBC).

     As played by Silvers, Bilko was an army lifer. a motor-pool master sergeant at isolated Fort Baxter, located near the fictional army small town of Roseville, Kansas. The show was a send-up of  army  life  (or of any existence within any confined  and  rigid  society) and loved by ex-Gis of World War II and the Korean conflict, a generation still close to its own military experiences and willing to laugh at them. With  little to do in the U.S. Army of the Cold War era and stuck in the wide-open spaces of  rural  Kansas,  Ernest  "Ernie" Bilko spent most of his time planning and trying one elaborate scam after another. Always, predictably, they failed. Bilko was never able to  make  that  one  big score. But the comedy came in the trying.

     His platoon, played by a cast of wonderful ex­ burlesque comics and aspiring New York actors, reluctantly assisted him. His right-hand henchmen, the corporals Barbella and Henshaw. were ever by his side. The remainder of the group, following the pattern of numerous World War II films, seemed to have a man from every ethnic group: the brassy New Yorker. Private Fender; the Italian city boy, Private Paparelli; the high-strung country lad, Private Zimmerman; and the loveable slob, Private Doberman. Others who manned the platoon included black actors. making the program a rare, racially integrated TV situation comedy telecast in the 1950s.

     If  Silvers was the show's star, Nat Hiken, one of television's first writer-producers. was its creator-auteur. Hiken had first written for Fred Allen's hit radio show, then moved to television to help open Milton Berle's Texaco Star Theater. His scripts provided a mine of comic gems for Bilko and company. Possibly the funniest is "The Case of Harry Speakup," in which a Bilko scheme backfires and he is forced to help induct a chimpanzee into the army. Only Bilko could run such a recruit past army doctors and psychiatrists. have him pass an IQ test and receive a uniform, be formally sworn in as a private, and then moments later be honorably discharged. No bureaucracy has ever been spoofed better than was the Cold War U.S. Army in this 26-minute comic masterpiece.

     Nat Hiken did more than write wonderfully funny scripts. As a producer, he had an eye for talent. Guests on You 'II Never Get Rich included a young Fred Gwynne in "The Eating Contest" (first telecast on November 15, 1955), a youthful Dick Van Dyke in "Bilko's Cousin" (first telecast on January  28.  1958), and Alan Alda in his first significant TV role in "Bilko, the Art Lover" (first telecast on March 7, 1958).

     You'II Never Get Rich shot up in the ratings, and less than two months after the premiere, the program was renamed-not surprisingly-The  Phil  Silvers  Show, with "You'll Never Get Rich" thereafter relegated to the subtitle . So popular was this show that in September 1957, as it started its second season, it inspired one of television's first paperback collections of published scripts.

     Yet, as would be the case for many television programs since the 1950s, the Bilko magic fell out of prime-time favor almost as swiftly as it had seized the public's fascination. The end began in 1958, when CBS switched The Phil Silvers Show to Friday nights and moved Bilko and company to Camp Fremont in California. A year later, the show was off the schedule, although it has since functioned as a staple in syndication around the world. Phil Silvers had had his four­ year run in television's spotlight.

     He would find that spotlight again, briefly. in the 1963-64 television season, when CBS tried The New Phil Silvers Show, a knockoff of the earlier program. Here, Silvers played Harry Grafton, a plant foreman, trying (unsuccessfully) to get rich. It lasted but a single season, and thereafter Silvers filled out his career doing occasional TV specials.

     But Silvers and Nat Hiken should always be remembered for their pioneering work with You'II Never Get Rich. This show hardly dates at all; its comic speed, invention, and ensemble performances rank it among television's greatest comic masterworks.